What feelings do airports create? Frustration, anger, stress, nervousness,
confusion, and discomfort are common answers.
Most airports don’t see the customer experience as their first priority,
but focus on operations, costs, regulations, or revenue. Even though a lack of interest in the customer experience
is common in airports today, it should be the next big area for innovation in airports
and Helsinki Airport is on the leading edge.
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| Departures Board in Terminal 2 |
Helsinki Airport is in a difficult position, faced with strong
competition and limited resources; they can’t outspend the Middle East
governments, can’t expand their existing footprint very much, and don’t serve a
giant city. Helsinki, like most
airports, cannot compete for passengers based simply on grandeur and opulence;
instead it competes based on the total customer experience. Customer experience management (CEM) is an
area where every airport, no matter the size, can compete for customers.
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| Terminal 2 Lobby with Self Check In and Self Bag Tagging |
Finavia, the government owned firm that operates 21 civil
airports in Finland including Helsinki, has the goal to own the entire customer
experience. This goal goes beyond just
the 600 employees they have at Helsinki, but encompasses the customer’s entire
travel experience, from booking, transit to the airport, ground
experience, and inflight experience. Their
CEM goal is to create “Smooth Traveling.”
This supports the larger business goal to be Europe’s number one
transfer airport.
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| Terminal 1 Check In Lobby |
Helsinki’s customer experience initiatives attempt to cover
the complete “customer path.” There are
multiple customer types, and depending on the trip, the same individual can be
a different customer type. For example, 6,500 “first
timers” (haven’t flown in more than a year) visit each day; some first timers
ever go to the airport on the day before to practice. Their needs differ greatly from frequent travels, families, pensioners, etc., but each group needs to have their needs
addressed to create a positive experience.
Mindsets are further influenced by why the trip is being taken. What influences customer experience
varies greatly, so CEM isn’t a simple proposition.
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| One of Many Art Pieces Around the Airport |
Helsinki Airport has three basic focus areas for CEM,
premises, processes, and people. If these three items are done well, everything
should run smoothly. Processes are
complex and difficult to observe when passing through. Finavia has worked to redesign processes, self check in and bag tagging for example, to
improve the customer experience and make things run smoother for
passengers.
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| Wireless Phone Charging Built into Tables |
The second focus area is the premises and the goal is to
create a comfortable atmosphere. The
first thing I noticed is the terminal is very quiet, just soft conversation. There are no recurring
announcements (absent are Homeland Security threat level style reminders), no
one screaming in their phones, no carts beeping, and no hum from the HVAC
system, luggage belts, or other sources.
The signage is large, clear, well placed, and helpful. It is a simple idea, but not well executed in
most airports. Work centers are
available and promoted with signage.
Ample seating is provided in many forms. There are many different restaurants,
shops, and large windows to look out on the field. Power outlets and phone charging (including wireless PowerKiss charging) opportunities abound. There is even a
space with chairs designed by famous Finns to showcase Finnish design. The airport has an open and Finnish feel to the layout and decor; creating a calm and comfortable atmosphere.
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| Finish Designs' Chair Examples |
The terminals are well lit and a comfortable
temperature. The WiFi is fast and free;
it isn’t even advertising supported.
Free luggage carts are available curbside and by baggage claim,
they look to be clean and in good shape.
The terminal building has many open spaces, long sight lines, and
comfortable colors and materials. There
is a pervasive Scandinavian design idea in all areas. T1 and T2 have a modern feel to them, while
the original terminal building has hard wood floors and timeless jet set 1960's style atmosphere (even with a banner promoting the wifi and self check-in kiosks).
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| Large and Clear Signage Right After Security |
Employees at the airport treats passengers as guests. The staff, regardless of who they work for, is
sharply dressed and friendly. There seems
to be a positive and hospitable culture at the airport. It also self-reinforces with coworkers
complementing others when they go that extra step to help passengers (I saw this
at the security screening and was dumbfounded).
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| Work Area, Finnish Style |
My favorite example of these three focus areas coming
together is the security process. The T1
checkpoint was engaged in a pilot program to test new customer experience
design improvements. They want the
security process to reflect Finnish design by including light wood paneling,
more sound absorbing materials, clear explanations, and a softer feel. They are also working to eliminate the “metal
taste” from the experience by silencing the belt rollers and other metal on
metal contact points in the process.
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| Helsinki Airport's Timeless Old Terminal |
T2 uses an older design, yet still miles ahead of the standard US
experience. There are plenty of bins,
free baggies at the entrance of the line, right next to recycling bins, and a
sign explaining the process and what is not allowed. The line moves orderly, the staff is helpful,
sharply dressed, and pleasant. The
different touch points, bins, rollers, floor, benches, are clean too. It’s relaxed experience from start to finish.
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| T1 Security Explanation Sign |
Helsinki Airport tracks and measures the customer
experience (measure what you want to improve).
They use a combination of feedback mechanisms (much more than just a
postcard like at BOS) including customer surveys, web forms, Twitter, Facebook,
and customer interviews. Time through the security line is tracked too (implied
is there is an unacceptably long time, the TSA would disagree). Staff also
attends seminars with airlines and other airports to share ideas. International airport surveys are also used
to independently compare different aspects against their peers. The Quality Hunters 2 program, run in
conjunction with Finnair, provided customer suggestions, 25 of which are being
implemented, like the Book Swap room.
All these sources of information are used to create a comprehensive view
into customer thoughts and feelings.
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| Book Swap Room in T2 |
Customer experience management is an area that all airports
could improve. It will also help
airports of any size compete for customers and improve loyalty. Passengers will appreciate the changes
tthat transform flying into a fun experience, not a chore.
I'd like to thank Johanna Metsälä, Finavia's CEM lead, for discussing the intricacies of CEM at Helsinki Airport with me.
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